
Consumer Reports – Desktop Computers
The desktop computer has become just a device used daily. Replacement sales – not including first-time purchases – now drive the computer market. Fully loaded desktops selling for less than $ 800 are common, even among established brands.
What's available
There are dozens of companies struggling to put a new desktop at home. Dell, eMachines, Gateway, Hewlett-Packard (which merged with Compaq in 2002), IBM and Sony make the machines that use Microsoft's dominant Windows operating system. eMachines, recently merged with Gateway, specializes Windows models in price. Apple is the exclusive maker of Macintosh models. Small mail and store brands serve a limited budget buyers.
Price Range: $ 400 to $ 3,000.
IMPORTANT FEATURES
The processor contains the "brains" of a computer. Its speed clock, measured in gigahertz (GHz), determines how fast the chip can process information. In general, the higher the clock speed, the faster the computer. But not always, since different chip families attain different efficiencies. OEMs with Windows processors typically use 1.6 to 3.8 GHz with a of the following names: Intel Pentium or Celeron or AMD Athlon or Sempron. Celeron and Sempron processors are less expensive than the equality of higher-priced chips, in many respects. Intel now assigns "processor numbers" for their chips, playing down the clock speed. Apple Macintosh machines using 1.25 to 2.5 GHz PowerPC G4 or G5 processors, which are manufactured by IBM. Apple has announced it will launch a transition to Intel processors in the system architecture 2006.The some families of chips allows them to be as fast or faster than others with higher clock speeds, so the speed comparison of the numbers can be misleading.
All brand name computers sold today have at least 256 megabytes (MB) of RAM or random access memory, computer memory used while in operation. Video RAM, also measured in megabytes, RAM is essential for secondary smooth video images and play.
The hard drive is the computer system storage of long-term data. Taking into account the disk space requirements of today's games multimedia, digital photos, and video files, bigger is better. You'll find hard drives that range in size from 40 to 300 gigabytes (GB).
A CD-ROM drive has been standard in most desktop security or make music compilations on compact disc. A DVD-ROM drive brings long-term action-packed movies or games with motion video multimedia full desktop. It complements the CD-RW drive in the mid-line systems and higher range, which allows you to copy CDs directly between the two units. A DVD burner will also play CDs and CD-ROM. Combo unit combines CD and DVD-playing in a single unit, saving space. The latest of this family, becoming quickly into a stock option is the DVD-writer, allowing you to transfer home video footage to DVD or store as much data as six CDs. There are three formats competition, incompatible DVD – DVD-RW, DVD + RW and DVD-RAM – as units that can create dual-layer DVDs that store twice. Some units can be written more a format, but everyone can make a disc that can be played on DVD players.
Fast disappearing is the floppy drive, where 3.5 inch are inserted. Apple Macintosh and a growing number of computers do not have a floppy drive built in, as it only allows you to read or store relatively small amounts data. Many people use a CD-RW as a large "floppy" drive to carry files. Many computers now come with a digital camera memory card reader that can also serve for the file transfer. You can also get external drives or use a USB memory module that is much more than a floppy disk.
The team of cathode ray tube (CRT) or flat panel liquid crystal display (LCD) contains the screen and displays the images sent from the graphics card – the internal circuitry that processes the images. The monitors come in sizes (measured diagonally) ranging from 15 to 21 inches and larger. Seventeen-inch monitors are the most common. Apple eMac and iMac comes with built-in monitors. Your Mac mini comes without a monitor. LCDs are the most popular, taking up less space and consumes less power than CRTs. Better LCD displays can use a digital video interface (DVI), found on many new PCs.
Critical components of a computer Desktops are usually housed in a case called a tower. A minitower is the typical configuration. more expensive machines have a midtower, which has additional space for improvements. A Microtower is an alternative that saves space and is usually less expensive. Everything in a computer, the Apple iMac has no tower, everything but the keyboard and mouse is integrated into a small box that supports the monitor. Apple's Power Mac line of computers has a tower. new model of Apple, the Mac Mini, has a design that saves space and put everything except the monitor, keyboard and mouse in a case about the size of a hardcover book. An "entertainment PC" – one with a built-in TV tuner in – comes in a case that is more like an audio or video component, tailored to other home entertainment devices.
A mouse, a small device that fits in your hand and has a "tail" of wire that connects to the computer moves the cursor (the pointer on the screen) through a ball or a mobile sensor light on the bottom. Alternatives include a scroll wheel, which is rolled with the fingers or palm in the direction you want the cursor to go, a cushion, it that lets you move the cursor by sliding a finger, a tablet, which uses a penlike stylus for input, and a joystick, used to play computer games.
Most computers come with a standard keyboard, but can also be purchased separately. Many keyboards have CD (or DVD) controls to pause playback, change tracks, and so on. Many also have keys to facilitate the start line, after a search, launching programs, or email back. There are also wireless keyboards that let you move as you type.
multimedia computers for home use have a high-fidelity sound that amplifies the music from a CD or download music files, synthesized music, game sounds, and movie soundtracks DVD. speaker system with subwoofer have deeper, more powerful bass. surround sound systems can turn a PC into a home theater. Some computers come with a microphone for recording, or may be added.
PCs come with a modem to allow dial-up connection to the Internet. Parallel ports series are traditional connections to printers and scanners. Universal Serial Bus (USB), seen on all new computers are designed to replace parallel ports and series. FireWire or IEEE 1394 is used to capture video from digital cameras and other electronic equipment. Ethernet port or wireless network card allows link multiple home computers to share files, a printer or a connection to broadband Internet. Making S-video output lets you run a video cable computer to a TV, which lets you use the computer's DVD drive to watch a movie on a TV instead of on the computer monitor.
HOW TO CHOOSE
First, decide whether to upgrade the current computer. Update, rather than replacing it might make sense if your additional needs are modest – a second hard drive, for example, because you're running out of space for digital photos. Adding memory or a CD recorder is often more profitable than buying a completely new machine. If your PC has become unreliable, his wish list is more demanding, or if there are programs that must run the system is doing, a new team is the logical answer.
Consider a laptop. A desktop computer usually costs hundreds less and is easier to update, expand and repair. It usually offers better ergonomics, a comfortable keyboard, big screen, and enhanced audio. However, a merit review notebook if portability and compactness are priorities.
Choose the type of desk. Most manufacturers offer several lines at different prices. computers Budget are the least expensive, but are suitable for routine work. Workhorse computers cost a few hundred dollars more, but are faster, more versatile and expandable. All-in-one models have most of the components in a single case. And entertainment PC or media tuners TV and software that give them the functions of a DVR. They usually provide a remote control for easy operation.
Select the brand. Our surveys have shown significant differences in the reliability and technical support of equipment brands. And some brands are generally more expensive than others. These factors may help decide which the two similarly equipped computers is the best buy.
Choose between preconfigured and custom made. You can buy a PC off the shelf in a store or through network, configured with the features and options fields from manufacturer to the average user. Or consider buying a desktop that is configured to order, either online or in a store. When you configure a computer to online menus, which often display all the options and let you see how a change in an option price affects total.
Copyright © 2002-2006 Consumers Union of U.S., Inc.
For the latest information on this and many other products and services visit www.ConsumerReports.org.
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